11. First Aid

STONEY

• When you complete this module you will be able to:
  Take steps to prevent injury
  Recognize emergency situations
  Respond to job site injuries and accidents

Are the PPE depicted a current representation? Can we get a picture where they aren't all piled together?

ROCKY

• Use proper personal protective equipment (PPE)

ROCKY

• Proper lifting techniques will prevent most work-related injuries

ROCKY

• Use equipment or get help lifting an object that is too big to move safely by yourself

ROCKY

• Keep your back straight
  Place your feet close to the object
  Center yourself over the load
  Bend your knees
  Get a good hold of the object
  Lift straight up

ROCKY

• Keep the load close to our body and keep it secure and steady, don't twist your body

ROCKY

• Use your legs to lower the load into position and don't let go of the load until it is secure

This diagram isn't doing a whole lot for me as far as communicating the difference between push and pull

the bullet is missing a key qualifier isn't it? about the object being on rollers when you push?

ROCKY

• Push rather than pull, it puts less strain on your back

ROCKY

Visuals or infographic of the example conditions as well as items listed not to wear in the voice over or to compare shoe/tred types and weather conditions would be more effective

Visuals or infographic of the example conditions as well as items listed not to wear in the voice over or to compare shoe/tred types and weather conditions would be more effective

ROCKY

• Prevent slips, trips and falls
  Be alert
  Think about possible hazards
  Consider unseen obstacles

Visuals or infographic of the example conditions as well as items listed not to wear in the voice over or to compare shoe/tred types and weather conditions would be more effective

Visuals or infographic of the example conditions as well as items listed not to wear in the voice over or to compare shoe/tred types and weather conditions would be more effective

ROCKY

• Wear proper clothing
  Long pants without cuffs
  Shirts with tightly fitted sleeves
  No jewelry that can snag
  Safety boots with good tred and toe protection

Visuals or infographic of the example conditions as well as items listed not to wear in the voice over or to compare shoe/tred types and weather conditions would be more effective

Visuals or infographic of the example conditions as well as items listed not to wear in the voice over or to compare shoe/tred types and weather conditions would be more effective

ROCKY

• Shoe and boot soles are made for different conditions

Visuals or infographic of the example conditions as well as items listed not to wear in the voice over or to compare shoe/tred types and weather conditions would be more effective

Visuals or infographic of the example conditions as well as items listed not to wear in the voice over or to compare shoe/tred types and weather conditions would be more effective

ROCKY

• Snowy conditions hide obstacles like: ice, holes, equipment and/or other

ROCKY

• Ladders and Steps
  Steps should be clean with adequate toe clearance
  Only stand or climb on equipment designed for that purpose

ROCKY

• Getting into and out of the cab
  Three points of contact
  Secure footing
  Support your weight with your hands until your feet are on the ground

ROCKY

ROCKY

• Check for hazards: rakes, rebar, forms, wire or other construction items

ROCKY

• If you are working in the dark:
  Make sure there is adequate lighting
  Don't work where you can't see

56.17001, 20003

ROCKY

• Pay attention at all times!

56.17001, 20003

ROCKY

• Don't depends on thirst to signal when and how much to drink
  Drink 8 ounces of fluids every 15-20 minutes

ROCKY

• Dress in layers
  Keep your hands covered
  Keep your head covered
  Keep dry
  Wear waterproof boots

The icons need updating.

STONEY

• In any emergency
  Check the scene and the victim
  Call your local or workplace emergency number
  Care for life threatening conditions

STONEY

• Recognize life-threatening conditions
  Losing consciousness
  Chest pain or discomfort
  Trouble breathing
  Severe bleeding
  Seizures

Newer ambulance maybe

STONY

• Heart attacks
  Strokes
  Choking
  Diabetic emergencies
  Seizures

Newer ambulance maybe

ROCKY

• American Red Cross Signals of a heart attack:
  Persistent chest pain or discomfort
  Pain in either arm
  Discomfort, pain or pressure that spreads to the shoulder, arm, neck or jaw
  Nausea or shortness of breath
  Sweating

ROCKY

• A heart attach victim may not have ALL of the symptoms, but some or a few should alert you to a possible heart attack.
  Victims may pass off symptoms as indigestion--- profuse sweating is often a signal that something is really wrong!
  Consider possible heart attack when there is:
  Chest pain
  Sudden sweating
  Trouble breathing
  Irritable or anxious

Infographic can aslo work here to communicate the voice over information more thoroughly

Infographic can aslo work here to communicate the voice over information more thoroughly

ROCKY

• Respond to a possible heart attack:
  Call 911 or your emergency number
  Be calm
  Make the person comfortable
  Keep the person from getting chilled

• If a person experiencing a heart-attack stops breathing:
  Perform CPR - if you are not trained, find a person on shift who is

ROCKY

ROCKY

• Strokes are caused by blockages or blood vessel rupture that cuts of oxygen to the brain

• Stoke signs or symptom:
  Confusion
  Impaired speech
  Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body or face
  Difficult breathing or snoring sound

• If you suspect someone is having a stroke try the FAST test:
  F- Face - Ask the person to smile
  A- Arms - Ask the person to raise both arms
  S- Speech - Ask the person to speak a simple sentence
  T- Time - Don't waste any

ROCKY

• Response to possible stroke:
  Call 911 or your workplace emergency number
  Do not move the person
  Ensure and open airway and keep the tongue and saliva from blocking the airway
  Semi-reclining position

ROCKY

• Allow the person to cough to dislodge the obstruction
  If unable to speak, breath or cough then the airway is completely blocked

Is this choking instruction (hitting on back, etc) the current recommended approach? (best practice on this changes every 10 years or so)

ROCKY

• Respond to choking:
  Ask if they are choking, if they can speak and if they can cough
  If yes, then encourage them to cough, do not slap them on the back

• If no:

  Lean the person forward and give them 5 back blows with the heel of your hand
  Follow with quick abdominal thrusts as long as needed

ROCKY

• Diabetic emergency symptoms:
  Change in consciousness
  Rapid breathing or pulse
  Feeling and looking ill

  Response if conscious:
  Give sugar: cocoa, fruit juice, non-diet soda, sugar water or use hard candy as a last resort

Response if conscious:
Give sugar: cocoa, fruit juice, non-diet soda, sugar water or use hard candy as a last resort

ROCKY

• Seizure response:
  Don't hold or restrain the person in any way
  Remove anything that could cause injury
  You can place folded clothing or a thin cushion under the person's head
  Call 911 or your emergency number if the seizure lasts more than a few minutes

ROCKY

This slide is a repeat from the start of this section. Needs updated icons

ROCKY

• Check - Check the scene to make sure that it is safe
  Call - Call 911 or your workplace emergency number, have someone else call if you can. If you are alone shout or radio for help
  Care - respond to any life threatening conditions

ROCKY

• Scrapes - outer layer of skin rubbed off -
  Clean thoroughly
  Apply a clean bandage or dressing

ROCKY

• Bruising - Damage to the soft skin and blood vessels
  Raise the injured part
  Apply a cold compress to reduce pain and swelling

This victim is smiling

ROCKY

• Serious closed wounds -
  Call 911 or your emergency number
  Don't move the victim unless the scene is unsafe

This victim is smiling

ROCKY

• Serious closed wounds -
  Call 911 or your emergency number
  Don't move the victim unless the scene is unsafe

ROCKY

• Cuts - Caused by sharp edged objects or a blow from blunt objects with a force that splits the skin
  Clean thoroughly
  Bandage wounds
  Call for help for serious wounds and control bleeding

these images might be better served with a video of a bandage being applied, especially to something trickier like an ankle vs something easier like the forearm shown.
Stepped process would be good here (1. do this 2. do this)

bullets as image captions to accompany the voice over would be helpful here, video preferred

ROCKY

these images might be better served with a video of a bandage being applied, especially to something trickier like an ankle vs something easier like the forearm shown.

ROCKY

• Impaled Objects:
  Call for help immediately
  Never attempt to remove the object
  Support the object by placing several dressings around it to keep it from moving
  Bandage the dressings in place
  Get medical attention

these images might be better served with a video of a bandage being applied, especially to something trickier like an ankle vs something easier like the forearm shown.

ROCKY

• When giving first aid
  Thoroughly wash your hands immediately after caring for any wound
  Always try to put a barrier between you and the victim's blood by wearing latex gloves
  Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
  Use masks for breathing
  Wash your hands thoroughly

Not sure this image says anything special compared to other images about going into shock

ROCKY

• Shock: When the circulatory system can't deliver blood to all parts of the body, any significant fluid loss can cause shock
  Restlessness or irritability
  Pale, cool moist skin

ROCKY

• Caring for a person in shock:
  Call for help immediately
  Help the person to lie down
  Control any bleeding
  Keep the person warm and dry
  Don't move the person unless the scene is unsafe
  Elevate the legs about 12 inches if there aren't any head, neck or back injuries or broken bones in the hips or legs
  Don't give food or drink

Some of these images on the treatment slide are not specific to burn victims, some are fine. overall I think we can condense images and reduce slides.

These bullets are presently across a bunch of slides and they are in no particular order that I can see. These instructions can be greatly simplified over fewer slides.

ROCKY

• Burns: Caused by heat, chemicals or electrical current

• Call for medical help if:
  The person has trouble breathing
  Has burns on more than one part of the body
  The burn was caused by chemicals, explosion or electricity

• Burn care:
  Put out flames or remove heat source
  Use running water to cool the burned area until the burning stops
  Loosely bandage the burned area with dry, clean dressings to help prevent infection

• Minor burn care:
  Wash with soap and water
  May apply antibiotic ointment
  Cover the burned area

• Severe Burns:
  Call 911 or your workplace emergency number immediately
  Have the victim lie down with the burned area raised above the heart level

• Chemical Burns:
  Call for help immediately
  Flush chemical burns with large amounts of cool running water until help arrives

• Electrical Burns:
  Call for help immediately
  Don't go near the person until you are sure they are not still in contact with the power source
  Check for life-threatening conditions
  Cover the burned area with a cleaned, dry dressing

This has the bullets that seemed missing from the actual shock slides. Plus the whole "write what you remember" stuff isn't really doing it for me as an interactive method in general. Can these just be added in to the shock slides so that they are complete?

ROCKY

ROCKY

The voice over gives decent advice and the images are really too small and hard to read to support it. this can be done more simply and clearly

ROCKY

• Types of injuries from trips, slips or falls:
  Fracture
  Dislocation
  Strain
  Sprain

• Symptoms:
  Pain, swelling, deformity

• Response:
  Call 911 or your emergency number
  Keep the person warm and comfortable
  Don't attempt to straighten the bone
  Apply a splint only if the person must be moved

ROCKY

• Dislocations: When a bone is separated from the joint

• Symptoms:
  Bump or hollow that normally isn't there
  Swelling
  Tenderness
  Discoloration

• Response:
  Don't attempt to put the joint back
  Splint or immobilize the joint if the person must be moved before medical help arrives
  Get medical help

Image of an attractive guy in his underwear DEFINITELY helps to teach the points in these slides (no not really)

ROCKY

• Sprain: When the ligaments that hold a joint together or stretched or torn

• Strain: When the muscles or tendons attached to a bone are stretched or torn

• Mild sprains heal quickly
  Severe sprains require medical attention
  Common sites include the ankle, knee, wrist and fingers

• Common strains are to the neck, back, thigh or back of lower legs

• Respond to sprains or strains:
  Apply ice or cold pack to injury on and off for 72 hours
  After 72 hours apply heat

• Severe sprains and strains:
  Excessive swelling or discoloration
  Major bruising and severe pain
  Victim may have heard a pop or snap
  May not be able to use the affected part normally
  Require a doctor's care

Why is this slide near the end of the module? should these be initial instructions upon the start? Again the order of things in this module feels a bit disjointed.

ROCKY

• What to do if a co-worker is injured:
  Hit the kill button on any machinery around the injured person
  Call your workplace emergency number or 911
  Make the person comfortable

Why is this slide near the end of the module? should these be initial instructions upon the start? Again the order of things in this module feels a bit disjointed.

ROCKY

• What to do if a co-worker is injured:
  Control bleeding
  Only splint injured bones or joints if the person must be moved
  Splint the position that you find the injured part, including the joints above and below the injury

ROCKY

ROCKY

• Transportation: If necessary, transport in a way that prevents further injury and pain
  If you suspect a spinal injury, do not move the person without medical assistance

ROCKY

• If very minor:
  Remove the foreign body inside the eyelid by pulling the upper eyelid over the lower lashes and then lifting the eyelid and removing the eyelid with sterile gauze.
  Grasp the eyelashes of the upper lid and turn the lid over a cotton swab, remove the particle carefully with a piece of gauze

• If the foreign body is embedded in they eye, call for help and flush with clean water

ROCKY

• Hypothermia -
  Get the victim out of the elements and remove all wet clothing
  Wrap the person in blankets
  Give warm liquids and keep them awake
  Handle the person gently and get them medical help

• Hyperthermia -
  Symptoms
  Moist, pale, normal to cool skin
  Muscle cramps
  Weakness, dizziness, exhaustion and heavy perspiration

• Hyperthermia -
  Response
  Get the victim into a cool place
  Loosen tight clothing
  Give water and apply moist towels over cramped muscles
  Get medical help

ROCKY

ROCKY

• Insect bites or stings:
  If the stinger is still in the body, remove it by scraping it off of the skin
  Don't grasp the stinger with tweezers
  Apply ice or ice-water to the bite

• Allergic reactions to bites or stings:
  Call for medical help immediately
  Use a constricting band between the bite and the person's heart, lessen blood flow but don't stop it

• If a spider bite affects the body with fever, nausea, pain or rash - get medical help:
  Immobilize the body part
  Apply cool cloth to that area
  Keep immobilized limb hanging down
  Provide a description of the spider

• Snake bites:
  Allow the bite to bleed for 15 - 20 seconds before cleaning
  Keep the affected body part below the heart
  Seek medical attention

Update icons, newer ambulance

STONEY and then ROCKY

• Check
  Call
  Care

• Life-threatening conditions:
  Unconsciousness
  Persistent chest pain
  Not breathing or having trouble breathing
  Pressure or discomfort in the abdomen that doesn't go away
  Severe headache or slurred speech
  Weakness or numbness
  Injuries to the head, neck or back
  Broken bones
  Severe bleeding
  Lengthy seizures

• Use protective equipment:
  Disposable latex gloves
  Wash hands thoroughly
  Avoid contact with blood and bodily fluids

The captions on all the pieces of the kit are hard to read / see

STONEY and then ROCKY

56.15001